Alcohol-Impaired Driving - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1678 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Teenage Drinking Essay Did you like this example?      As one might expect, the exhaustion of alcohol is common around teenagers in this day in age, despite the legality of it. There has been constant talk of whether the legal drinking age limit in the United States should be maintained at 21 or lowered to 18, like many of the other countries around the world. Once a teenager hits the 18-year old mark, they are exposed to a world of seemingly unlimited possibilities: they are eligible to enlist in the military and can buy cigarettes and lottery cards, so why are they unable to drink, right? Well, by lowering the drinking age, adolescents are more at risk of putting their lives in danger. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Alcohol-Impaired Driving" essay for you Create order Underage drinking may result in alcohol-impaired driving, sexual assault, a decrease in their school performance, and ultimately, alcohol dependence later on in their life. There are a number of reasons as to why the limit should be lowered, but there are just as many stating why it should remain the same. Alcohol-Impaired Driving Driving under the influence is one of the biggest leading causes of death, and a large percentage of accidents are caused by underage drivers. For most, hitting 15 and 16 years old means getting a car, and being so excited to finally be out on the road on their own. Being 15 and 16, they are also just entering high school and wanting nothing more but to fit in with what they deem as being the â€Å"right crowd,† also known as the more popular kids in school. High school is the time for experimenting, as most would say, and what other way to â€Å"experience† anything than by going to parties. It is no secret that with parties comes drinking. Drinking impairs the drivers ability to focus, which can inhibit the ability to drive. High school students and underage drivers as a whole are more likely to find themselves involved in fatal accidents with alcohol in their system. A blog written by Lindsay Williams states that the CDC reported 2.4 million high school teenagers drive intoxicated each month (Williams, The Dangers of Underage Drinking and Driving). Adolescents are 17% more likely to get into fatal car accidents, the article says. Young drivers tend to have higher risks of getting into these accidents because most are new drivers, so by adding alcohol to the mix, it increases the dangerousness. In the U.S., there is zero tolerance for underage drinking, so when high schoolers get into accidents, they will suffer great consequences. In another article, it was noted that younger drivers are more susceptible to getting into accidents with any amount of alcohol in their system (Brande, Underage DUIs: 6 Sobering Facts About Drunk Driving). It is illegal for anyone under the age of 21 to consume alcohol or they will receive a DUI, regardless of their blood alcohol concentration (BAC). The CDC wrote in an article that 1 in 5 teen drivers involved in fatal accidents had alcohol in their system and sometimes it has gone beyond that of the legal limit for adults (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Teen Drinking and Driving). Along with impairing drivers on the road, intoxication among the youth may put them at risk of sexual assault. Risks of Sexual Assault High levels of intoxication can lead to physical impairment along with cognitive impairment, resulting in adolescents making poor choices without realizing it. Underage drinking can lead to a greater risk of sexual assault and puts them at risk of obtaining sexually transmitted diseases. A study conducted by Amy Young showed that alcohol was involved in 12-20% of sexual assault cases. (Amy Young, Alcohol-related Sexual Assault Victimization Among Adolescents: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Correlates). As adolescents are exposed to alcohol at such young ages, they are more likely to engage in sexual activities, putting themselves at a greater risk. They are more likely to have STDs. Jasmine Bittar wrote in an article, The Relationship Between Alcohol and STDs, that excessive consumption of alcohol lessens the strength of an individuals immune system and makes it easier for them to catch an STD (Bittar, The Relationship Between Alcohol and STDs). Increased sexual activity beginning from a young age can result in the chances of unwanted pregnancy. In Effects and Consequences of Underage Drinking, the author states that teenagers who get a headstart on drinking are more likely to have unprotected sex which can ultimately result in unexpected and/or unwanted pregnancies (Hanes, pg 5). These challenges can cause further issues, such as a decrease in school performance. School Performance Binge drinking damages the minds of teenagers, harming their levels of performance in school. When students become wrapped up in all the late-night adventures and parties that come with the â€Å"fun† part of high school, they lose sight of what is really important: their education. Adolescents begin to worry less about attending school or doing homework. The amount of alcohol consumed by an adolescent has effects on whether they decide to go to college or not. Excessive alcohol consumption can transform the natural structure of the still-developing brain (The Effects of Alcohol Use on Academic Achievement in High School). Alcohol slows the part of the brain responsible for critical thinking, and with inordinate amounts of it, young people especially begin to lose interest in everyday responsibilities such as their schoolwork. Too much alcohol over a long period of time can lessen the ability of teens to focus or study. The frontal lobe is the area of the brain known as the â€Å"control panel,† responsible for critical thinking skills that are essentially needed when it comes to striving academically. When exposed to alcohol it alters the chemistry in the brain, lowering the strength of the â€Å"control panel,† causing individuals to make irrational decisions wherever they are. It minimizes the ability to focus, thus affecting school performance greatly (Hylton, The Effects of Alcohol on Academic Performance). Drinking in hi gh school is, more times than not, associated with the peers teenagers hang around during school hours. The peers in school can directly impact the likelihood of others beginning to experiment drinking alcohol because they believe it is considered to be cool. Students who drink more often tend to be the same people who have poor grades. A lot of this has to do with the kinds of people they associate themselves with (Hanes, pg 4). Studies show adolescents that drink are more likely to have alcohol dependency issues later in life. Alcohol Dependence People who begin drinking alcohol early on, have higher chances of becoming dependent on it when they are older. Studies show that people who began drinking before age 21 were significantly more dependent on alcohol than those who waited until they officially turned 21 to drink. 47% of teens who began drinking before age 14 became dependent at some point versus the 9% of people who struggled with dependency even when they waited until 21 years or older (NIAA, Early Drinking Linked to Higher Lifetime Alcoholism Risk). Alcohol is a dangerous depressant that not many are aware of, although it is used constantly. It has the same effects as that of any other kind of depressant drug; it slows down an individuals performance and leaves them incoherent at times. It is one of the most common types of drug and people can easily become addicted without having realized it. Teenagers especially, are more vulnerable to binge drinking because they have not yet fully developed that decision-making part of their brain, that helps differentiate right from wrong (AddictionCenter.com, Widespread Underage Drinking). People, old or young, drink because it gives them a sense of pleasure. Sometimes, this pleasure helps fill a void that might have been left for whatever reason, whether it be because of a breakup or just another bump in the road called life. Binge drinking gives adolescents a sense of pleasure because they feel they are more grown-up and have control over their lives, causing them to forget the long term effects it can have. Researchers found that adolescents who began drinking before age 15 were 50% more likely to be dependent on alcohol by the time they reached adulthood (T, Early Drinking Age Linked to Risk of Alcoholism). It has also been noted that alcohol may, in fact, be a gateway drug to other more life-threatening drugs (The Recovery Village, Is Alcohol Used As a Gateway Drug?). It is important that the youth recognize the continuing consequences that come with underage drinking. While drinking alcohol may be fun and ‘everyone does it,’ it can have many serious repercussions. Many people do not realize that alcohol is just as bad a drug as other addictive drugs. What makes it so addictive is the pleasure it brings people everywhere, not just adolescents. Alcohol-impaired driving by underage drivers is a problem that is one of the top causes of fatal accidents in the U.S. Driving under the influence is one of the key reasons as to why it is so important that the legal age limit remain 21. Another serious risk of underage drinking is the increased chance of engaging in risky sexual behavior, which can lead to unsought outcomes, such as pregnancy or STDs. An impaired mind is the perfect recipe for disaster; the parties involved are often not sober enough to form coherent thoughts, not fully processing what they are doing, putting themselves in what can turn into a dangerous situation. Peer pressure plays a big role in inspiring vulnerable teenagers to experiment whenever they are given the chance. It can damage the minds of teenagers, making them feel as though they do not need to put as much effort into their schoolwork as they might have done before. There is also a higher likelihood of teenagers who began drinking early to become alcohol dependent well into their adult life. Alcohol in the United States is the most popular form of drug abuse. It is important that the legal age remain 21, to help prevent adolescents from drinking illegally, as often as they do. If the necessary precautions are being met, it will ensure a further attempt at keeping the future generations safe from the backlash that underage drinking may bring.

Fracking, The And Of Fracking - 2199 Words

In recent years, the subject of hydraulic fracturing, better known as fracking has been a constant subject of interest in the news media. The pros and cons of fracking are passionately debated. However, the public should become educated on the subject of fracking prior to choosing a side of the argument. In the scholarly article, â€Å"Super Fracking,† published in 2014, by Donald L. Trucotte, Eldridge M. Moores, and John B. Rundle, a detailed description of fracking is provided, followed by their analysis of current issues surrounding the controversy. According to Trucotte, Moores, and Rundle, fracking saves the consumer money. The wellhead cost to produce natural gas in January of 2000 was two dollars and sixty cents per one thousand cubic feet. At an alarming rate, the cost at the wellhead to produce natural gas had risen to eight dollars per one thousand cubic feet by January of 2006. Comfortingly, the wellhead cost dropped to two dollars and eighty-nine cents by the end of 2012. Impressively, gas production increase and price decrease over the time period are a result of fracking. In their article, Trucotte, Moores, and Rundle describe in great detail that hydraulic fracturing, most commonly referred to as fracking is the process of drilling down into the earth to fracture the layers of rock so that a high-pressure water mixture is directed at the rock to release the oil or natural gas inside. This method of fracking has been used commercially for the last fifty years.Show MoreRelatedFracking : Fracking And Fracking1524 Words   |  7 Pages Hydraulic Fracturing Research Paper Hydraulic Fracturing (also commonly known as fracking) is a process used to extract natural gasses deep within the earth. This is done by drilling vertically into the ground until the desired depth; then drilling horizontally; and pumping millions of gallons of water, sand, and other chemicals into the drill at a high pressure to create fissures through which the gas can escape. Currently, hydraulic fracturing is extensively used in the United States in orderRead MoreFracking : Fracking, Or Fracking?2187 Words   |  9 PagesHydraulic fracturing, or fracking, has been a hot topic in recent times due to its controversial ways. Many people argue that it is a way for the United States to become less dependent on foreign oil, while others argue that the environmental cons outweigh the pros of fracking. Fracking is the process of extracting natural gas from underground by drilling into the earth. This is done by injecting water, sand, and chemicals into a bedrock formation by a well (â €Å"Hydraulic Fracking†). By doing this, theRead MoreFracking : Fracking And Fracking851 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Fracking? When you look at the title of this paper you ask yourself, what is fracking, and you probably try to learn the definition so that you’ll actually understand what I am writing about. However, I am going to tell you what fracking is. What is fracking? Fracking is the injection of fluid into the ground in order to get natural fossil fuels to come to the surface, in order to use them for gas and other things (Fracking). How does fracking work? Water and sand are pushed into the groundRead MoreFracking : Fracking And Fracking879 Words   |  4 PagesFracking is the process of drilling and injecting fluids or even gas into the ground at a high pressure in order to fracture rocks to release gas inside. Some types of fracking are Hydraulic Fracking and Pneumatic Fracking. Hydraulic fracking happens when a liquid fluid such as water, oil and acid just to name a few is used to fracture rocks to release gas. The water brought in is mixed with sand and chemicals to create fracking fluid. Approximately 40,000 gallons of chemicals are used per fracturingRead MoreFracking And The Environment : Fracking983 Words   |  4 PagesTayler Hedgecock Dr. Allen Composition 2 MWF 11 AM Fracking and the Environment Hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking, is not an environmentally sound method of acquiring cleaner, cheaper energy. Fracking is a practice that is being used in order to collect natural gas from deep within the earth’s layers of shale rock. Fracking is the process in which water, sand, and chemicals are forced with immense pressure, approximately ten to fifteen thousand pounds per square inch, into the shale rockRead Morefracking1150 Words   |  5 Pages Mathew Lee5/27/14 Chemistry Fracking Essay Fracking is a very controversial topic of conversation that’s has been around for years, but has just recently reached the forefront of the environmental scene because of increase in its activity and added opposition against this controversial topic of retrieving natural gas. Fracking is defined as the process of drilling down into the earth before a high-pressureRead MoreFracking : Fracking And Its Effects On The Environment1286 Words   |  6 Pagesfracturing, commonly referred to as fracking, is a widespread practice in the United States. Fracking is a method used to extract oil and natural gas. Scientists and citizens report detrimental side effects of hydraulic drilling. New York and Vermont have banned fracking statewide. Maryland has set a two year moratorium on fracking, so that more research can be done to show the impacts of fracking on the environment. Nationwide, many other cities and counties have banned fracking as well. All states shouldRead MoreFracking4183 Words   |  17 PagesFracking and its major implications it has on the earth In today’s day and age, societies are a lot more aware of the environment and furthermore, concerned for the Earths sustainability. Although this is the case for most, Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) often target developing countries that are rich in resources and therefore take them for all they’ve got. One such example is fracking the earth, in order to extract natural gases that could potentially benefit corporations and contribute toRead MoreCritical Analysis On Fracking And Fracking1907 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Analysis for Fracking Recently, America was introduced to a new invention called fracking, which makes it conveniently possible to access oil and gas. The fracking process consists of using a technical machine that digs through the surface of the earth and inserts large amounts of water with mixed chemicals to rapidly attain large amounts of oil and gas. However, it has been difficult for people to reach a median between its risks and benefits. Those who refuse fracking are concerned thatRead MoreCritical Analysis On Fracking And Fracking Essay1790 Words   |  8 Pages Critical Analysis for Fracking Throughout the last six or five years, America was introduced to a new invention called Fracking, which is to help access oil and gas through a technical machine. Due to some concerns, it has been difficult to have a median between its risks and benefits. Those who oppose it are concerned with what will happen to the environment and if their fresh water can be at risk for contamination. Those who are for fracking probably are not too concerned for the environment

Which Is Better, True Belief and Knowledge Free Essays

In Meno, Socrates and Meno have a discussion on virtue and they encounter a problem. If virtue is teachable, it must be knowledge. However, since there are no teachers and students of virtue, virtue must not be taught. We will write a custom essay sample on Which Is Better, True Belief and Knowledge? or any similar topic only for you Order Now So they think that virtue is not knowledge. And then they start the discussion on what is true belief and knowledge. In this essay, I would evaluate Socrates’s explanation on why knowledge is better than mere true belief and the reasons that I agree with Socrates’s proposition. Socrates’s explanation To begin with, Socrates first questions whether true belief is something no less useful than knowledge. Socrates notes that true belief and knowledge guide to the true action. He illustrates the idea by an example. To clarify Socrates’s example, I will apply his example on our campus. Suppose I need to guide a friend to Chong Yuet Ming Physics Building. I have no idea where it locate and I haven’t been to there. Now, I can visit the building if someone with the knowledge of the path guides me there or I have the knowledge of the path. But a true belief, which may be the intuition, perception, will also be equally effective in reaching the destination. If my belief is that the destination is northwest of the main building, and I convince my friend to the destination. From an outside observer, he cannot distinguish whether I have the knowledge of the path or I just luckily arrive there according to my true belief. Socrates states that â€Å"correct opinion (true belief) is no less useful than knowledge† because no matter which proposition, either true belief or knowledge, someone’s action still can be guided correctly. Although I do not agree this statement, I will discuss it in later paragraph. So, what makes the different between true belief and knowledge? Socrates thinks that the difference between them is the justification, which is the reasoning or the rationale for your belief. The person with knowledge has the ability to account of the why behind the truth whereas the person with mere true belief knows only the truth. If someone has knowledge, then he has the ability to account for the action and his mind retains knowledge. It will be secured for future use. However, although true belief guide you to a right action, the belief will go away from you mind easily. Socrates proposes that if one does not tie the true beliefs down, they will run away and escape. If tied, true beliefs stay where they are put. Moreover, once they are tied down, they become knowledge. True beliefs are grasped by the mind only fleeting before they are corrupted or lost. But we can tether them by working out the reason. If we has the reason for the believe, then the true belief is justified and become knowledge. Evaluation for Socrates explanation Firstly, I would like to discuss about Socrates’s proposition that knowledge and true belief always guide to the right action. I shall argue that it would be better that true belief guides to the right action in a better way than knowledge guides. I believe that knowledge does not always guide to the destination. For example, I have knowledge of only one path to Chong Yuet Ming Physics Building. According to the knowledge, I walk along the path. It is not guaranteed I can arrive the building. Maybe murdered happened and police has blocked the road for investigation. Maybe the path that in your mind is not up-to-date and that particular path now leads you to another building, say Ming Wah Building. In this case, even you have knowledge of going to the building, you cannot go there. True beliefs, however, always guide you to the right action. As long as we have true beliefs, we always can be guided correctly. For example, as long as I am lucky enough, I can visit Chong Yuet Ming Building even there is only one path to the building. Through, I still agree that knowledge is better the mere true belief. People cannot lucky all the life in reality. That means we cannot solve all problem by our belief. We need knowledge to live. For ideal case, an ignorant housewife can invest her money by merely her belief and win the market all time. However, does it happen in the reality? Even it happens, there are just very little cases. Without knowledge, it is difficult to live in the world. Comparing a ignorant housewife and a professional experienced investor investing the stock market, they may both lose money. For the investor, he may be wrong in some decision and lose money. But if he could have a lesson from that, he may gain and revise his knowledge of the stock market. Next time, he may keep doing this in a row. Finally, the probability to earn money increases. For the ignorant housewife, if she do not learn from the fault, or tie down the true belief, the probability of earning money would not increase. Therefore, if someone learn from the fault and form a better knowledge on that field, it will be better to him because the probability of doing the right action increases. In addition, we should not focus too much on the result too much. If we just focus on whether one finally achieve destination only, it may suggest that result is the ONLY thing we should take consideration. If that is the case, then we may agree that people can earn money by kidnapping, stealing or robbering. But we shall agree that earning money by such process is not accepted. Then, I think that achieving the goal by some process may not be good even the goal can be achieved. Hence, we should also consider the process which guides to the destination or result, but not just merely the result. I think that why knowledge is better than true belief is that the process of the right action who is guided by knowledge is better than that who is guided by true belief. Looking back to the example, what is the difference between someone guided knowledge and guided by true belief if they both arrive the destination is the experience and the variation of the path. Consider a person with merely true belief, he may make decision by something like I should go this way and I hope the way is not dead-ended. Why I have been walking so long time and haven’t arrived yet? Did I made some wrong decision? When can I arrive? I have no idea how to go there, and etc. Although he finally arrive the building, he had hard feeling at all. He may feel depressed, anxious, doubtful, and uncertain. Also, there is lots of variation for the paths. He may walk a very long path to the destination. For example, someone take a bus to somewhere. He believes that he need to get off the bus at the 3rd stop and walk along the road. However, the best way is to get off the bus at the 7th stop. He leaves the bus 2 stops earlier. Although he has true belief and arrive the destination, it may not good to him because he has been walked a very long and unnecessary way. Knowledge, on the other hand, guides someone with appropriate process. If someone with knowledge, says he know the map of campus in the example, can effectively arrive the destination without anxious, doubtful feelings. Someone may argue that having knowledge may not arrive the destination effectively because you may only have knowledge of a circuitous path. I shall say that it may be the case, just similar as true belief. People having true belief may or may not arrive destination effectively, so as people having knowledge. But at least the person may not have hard feelings, which already make knowledge better than true belief. Though there is some argument which I think is not correct in Socrates’s explanation, there are still lots of evidence to show that knowledge is better than mere true belief. How to cite Which Is Better, True Belief and Knowledge?, Papers

Law For Social Workers

Question: Discuss about a Report on Law For Social Workers? Answer: Our power to understand the affect of mental incapability on our bodies is important and is linked up with our well-being. The doctor patient relationship has moral binding and obligations. The concept of respect includes respect for both choices for the welfare of the patients and doctors. In addition, to be informed voluntarily, independent decisions is required for sufficient mental capacity. According to the English Law, all individuals are considered to have capacity to make decisions on their own. Before an adult can be examined as lacking capacity two things are to be established. First, that the adult who is suffering from such kind of impairment has caused the disturbance of the brain and second the factors that has caused such disturbance (Kadushin and Harkness 2014). According to the Mental Capacity Act, 2005, a person is to be assumed to have capacity unless it is established that he or she lacks in mental capacity. A person cannot be treated as unable to make a decision only because he or she merely takes an unwise decision. Joan lacking capacity could be provided treatment where it is necessary to make decision on his or her behalf. This is called the best interests decision. The person who has lacking capacity nominates a person to make decision on his or her behalf. The Court of Protection can also appoint a deputy to make decision on behalf of the person or any other rule applicable under the mental health legislation (Healy 2014). While Joan was in step down unit, she was concerned to be parted from William. She agrees to go there only for a week. Apart from William, Joan was also concerned about her daughter Lynn and grandchildren Selin and Ahla and Bashir. In this case, William and Joan can both be admitted in the same hospital together. According to the Pan London Agreement, a borough can be acquired in placing temporary accommodation for people who, due to temporary reasons are staying away from family. Boroughs are privately rented accommodation wherein homeless people can stay in case of family issues or emergencies. Local authorities can place the homeless households in private rented housing. This placement can be for a two-year period. The upcoming Localism Bill includes sections that would amend these arrangements for a period of two years, with a minimum initial tenancy of one year. (Blackwell 2012). The local authority can help William and Joan to stay in a temporary rented accommodation. The Approved Mental Health Professional (AHMP) is an establishment of an individual under the Mental Health Act, 1983. The Act abolished the role of a social worker and created an AHMP. However, this role is similar to the role of the social worker but is different from community nurses and psychologists. AHMPs are health professionals who are trained to execute the elements of the Mental Health Act, 1983. They are responsible for the organizations and co ordination of the mental health assessments. It is the duty of the AHMP to decide the detention of the person who has been assessed. For detention of an individual, the person should be suffering from mental disorder. The AHMP should prepare for the assessment of the person concerned by two medical surgeons who must be sovereign of each other and at least one of whom may be specialist in mental health. It is the duty of the AHMP to make efforts to secure detention of an individual, who is in need of mental care. AHMPs should take note of factors like gender, civilization, and ethnicity. Efforts should also be made about communication barriers such as deafness. However, it is not a good practice for the assessor to act as interpreters. In the case of William, the AHMP should also follow the duties in the same way (Dickens 2012). The AHMP should keep William in detention unless he is free from all the disorders. The AHMP should proceed with proper assessment of William and keep him in detention until he is cured properly. Upon release, William returned to married home, and the clinician advises Joan that she will be released soon and will return to William soon. In this case, the social workers responsibilities towards the couple arise. In this case, the social worker can help to maximize the academic functioning of children as well and improving the familys well being. The social worker can help Joan and William to take care of their family members, experiencing problems that exist between their family relationships and the challenges that one may face while growing old (Mandiberg 2012). The Care Act in the United Kingdom provides provision for the formation of British Association of social workers. They are qualified professional association of social workers. Social workers, often provide counseling to patients, families and groups. They serve as an intermediate between the various organizations to help the patients and work together with other health professionals. They help in legal issues too. It is the responsibility of the social worker to provide help and support to recover the communal and emotional functioning of children and their families. Additionally, Joan and William may also get help from the social worker about other personal issues that they may face, drug or alcohol related issues, mental stress or nay other trouble, which they may face because of their disability. The social workers help in improving the safety of the society. They should be trained and qualified that help them in securing the goals that they have set for improvement of family life. They also have the responsibility to protect the persons from any kind of harm to themselves or to others. They should also help in the promotion of human growth and safety. Social workers have a wide variety of tools to help children and improved manage with the pressures of life. In the present scenario also, the social workers responsibilities towards Bashir, Ahla and Selin are as follows, counsel their families to find better explanations to their troubles, treat the children in loving way, find service and housing for the homeless families, help them to find a way to the adoption system and help them to make best use for the wellbeing of the organization. Section 7 of the Care Act deals with children in need. A child in need is a person who is unlikely to achieve or maintain a reasonable standard of health or development without any extra service. Social workers can bring their skills to helping two susceptible sections: Children and their families. In about 16% of the countrys population, work as social workers in child services and 12% work in family. The reason why families have become more susceptible towards in splitting apart ranges from homelessness, drug addiction and child abuse. In all the areas, social workers use a system that is family oriented and help the families cope up towards a good adoption system. They also provide counseling to help to adopted children and deal with issues of self-identity, loss of self-esteem as well as other medicinal issues that are hereditary in nature. Social workers are the key members of a society that help in keeping the family intact. Some of the methods include relationships, good coping skills, competencies, and helping them to access the services available. Social workers help children who are victim of domestic violence. Indeed, a social worker is an necessary in helping children expand a original and improved life (Payne 2014). The Government of United Kingdom has defined safeguarding children as the process of protecting children from abuse or neglect, preventing impairment of their health and development, and ensuring they are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care that enables children to have optimum life chances and enter adulthood successfully. A protection order may be awarded in such cases. Every child matters, children are to be healthy, stay safe, enjoy life and make optimistic payment and achieve financial well being. Effectual safeguarding with regard to children, means that the services should be effective in understanding the needs and views of children. Whoever works with children have the responsibility for keeping them safe. In the given scenario also, the children should be kept in a safe environment. A single professional cannot identify the issues related to childcare therefore; it becomes the responsibility of everyone to come into contact in identifying the issues concerned. To help in effective collaboration of the individual working with children it becomes important for them to be aware of the role that they play as professionals. In short, it requires local arrangements for collaboration between experts and organizations. Children want to be respected and their views are to heard to have balanced relationships with professionals (DuBois and Miley 2013) . In the given scenario also, I would ensure that the childs right are met and utilized at its fullest. Children have the right to live a happy life and lead a satisfactory life. According to Section 17, the Local Authorities provides several responsibilities towards the children when they live away from their mother. One of the primary responsibilities includes safeguarding and thereby promoting the welfare of the children within the area who are in great need. The second most important aspects undertaken by Section 17 includes upbringing of such children by their families and thereby providing a wide range and level of services which are found to be appropriate to fulfill the needs of the children (Reamer 2013). Apart from these two vital responsibilities, the Local Authorities also provides several other duties for the concern of the children. This includes the following parameters: Advice, counselling and guidance Supervised or care activities Residential help privileges Holiday (Respite Care) Cultural, Occupational, Social and Recreational Activities Provision for family accommodation Financial help Foster care and Guardianship, are both entitled to provide a healthy and safety care perspective to the children when they are separated from their parents either by involuntary or voluntary manner. A foster care is considered as a part of the State funded social program which provides necessary temporary care for the child who cannot live with her family. The reason for foster care may be due to abuse, neglect of family disaster. A child having great behavioral matters may also enter foster care to supplement parents effort and thereby protect the child from dangers. On the other hand, Guardianship (relationship from family) is considered more permanent solution, which is used for the cares of relative caregivers. Kinship is generally preferred over the foster care as the child able to maintain relationship with the extended family in a familiar and safe environment. This agreement may be provisional or enduring, which completely depends on the situation of the parents and other affecting parameters. A placement order gives authority to the local authority to place a child with potential adopters. It can only be made in relation to a child who is subject to care order. Parental consent to the order of placement may be distributed where there is no parent or guardian. Parental consent to the placement order is given by the Court under Section 47, of the Adoptions and Children Act. A placement order, which is given by consent, is an unconditional agreement of the parent to the adoption of the child. The consent may be in any form. A placement order continues until is revoked under the adoption order or until the child is 18 or is married. In the case of mother who has just given birth to a child of six weeks then parental consent for a placement order is necessary. A local authority has the power to apply for adoption order. A placement order suspends an existing care order under Section 7 of the Order and Supervision Order. The placement order gives authority to the local person t o place a child for adoption with any potential adopters it chooses. A placement order may be revoked on a written application given by any person. When a police detains a child or a young person for interview then they must inform the appropriate adult as soon as possible. When the issue is an all out court disposals then it must be carried out in presence of the childs appropriate adult. The adults role is to prevent the interests of the child. The responsibilities include, advising and assisting the child or young person while detained or interviewed by the police, to be present when the police requests their presence, to ensure that the child understands the rights he or she has as a child. To examine whether the police is acting properly and fairly with the child he has detained for examination. The following person may be appointed as the appropriate adult: the parent or guardian of the child, person having the authority to act as the appropriate adult. This may be an organization, a voluntary care organization, or a social authority (Levy and Slavin 2013). A presentence report that contains the history of any person convicted before and after the crime. The pre sentence report shall consist of the following details, the juvenile record of Bashir, and the probation or parole history of Bashir, the official account of offense, the plea bargain, custody status and pending cases. The Children Act, 1989, places a duty on the Local Authorities for taking reasonable steps to identify the child in need. Once a transfer has been made to the Local Authority they will decide within one working day whether or not to take action. Where the concerns are serious, the Local Authority must carry out an initial assessment within seven days. The general duty of the local authority helps to safe guard the welfare of the children. The services provided under this section may include providing accommodation, giving help or in exceptional cases cash (Zastrow 2013). The Care Act, the local authorities will take on new functions. The Act makes clear that the local authorities need to provide comprehensive information and advice about care and support services in the local area. It requires the local authorities to develop a market that delivers a wide range of sustainable high quality care and support services that will be available to their social areas. Therefore, the local authority as mentioned in the Care Act and the Children Act, 1989 has the duty to protect him. Reference List: Brayne, H., Carr, H. and Goosey, D., 2015.Law For Social Workers. Oxford University Press, USA. Bullis, R.K., 2013.Spirituality in social work practice. Taylor Francis. Callard, Felicity. Mental Illness, Discrimination, And The Law. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. Print. Cooper, Frank. Professional Boundaries In Social Work And Social Care. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2012. Print. Dickens, Jonathan. Social Work, Law And Ethics. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2013. Print. DuBois, B.L. and Miley, K.K., 2013.Social work: An empowering profession. Pearson Higher Ed. Healy, K., 2014.Social work theories in context: Creating frameworks for practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Kadushin, A. and Harkness, D., 2014.Supervision in social work. Columbia University Press. Kunin, Madeleine. The New Feminist Agenda. 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